As a policy implication, the work suggests the adoption of a plan-led land reform strategy that is coordinated at all government levels and between the public and private sectors, and one that involves establishing strategic portfolios of potentially sustainable areas, defining spending priorities for those areas along with funding possibilities through regional planning.Äifferently from the commonsense literature on land reform in developing countries, this work demonstrates that regional planning has an essential part to play in land reform through proposing a plan-led strategy that combines elements of both market-based and state-led approaches to the benefit of the regional economy. It has been concluded that: i) The scope for plan-led strategies towards sustainable development in the countryside has been given less than sufficient emphasis in the land reform literature ii) There is not clear evidence that the market-based approach leads to higher socioeconomic growth regionally than does the state-led approach, or vice versa iii) Although the market-based scheme contributed to improved access to title, the PCT settlements failed to impact positively settlers’ welfare in the majority of sites iv) Securing both higher access to land rights and better living conditions through land reform requires an approach that combines both state-led and market-based elements v) Securing measurable positive impacts on the regional economy requires a land reform strategy that has a regional scope. Empirically, we identify the effects of various indicators on the socioeconomic growth of a sample of rural territories and localities, giving emphasis to the influence of the market-based Land Bill Programme (PCT) and the traditional state-led scheme (INCRA) on that growth through panel data analysis, cross-section regressions and field-based analysis. We focus on land reform settlements in Northeast Brazil, where both approaches operated over the same time frame (1997-2002). In this dissertation, we examine the socioeconomic impact of land reform schemes and discuss the policy implications of combining aspects of both state-led and market-based approaches to land reallocation through regional planning. For instance, specialised knowledge to assist under-privileged land-buyers over the negotiation with landlords was discouragingly limited (Viratkapan et al, 2004) better organisational interfaces were needed between land reform agencies and PCT associations (Parnell, 2004) there was a virtual absence of non-farm productive opportunities to supplement settlers' earnings from farming (Deininger et al, 2007) no socially inclusive networks of production and consumption were made available to stimulate the commercialisation of settlement output (Haggblade et al, 1989) the policy was detached from other poverty-reducing programmes such as the construction of affordable housing (Portnov, 2002) an institutional capacity was lacking to conciliate the need for natural resources on the settings with the goal of sustainable growth (Alston et al, 2000 Barrett et al, 2005) and others. Still taking the surveyed literature as a baseline for appraising the scheme's potential to mitigating poverty, a number of deficiencies might be identified involving putting the policy into place. For instance, specialised knowledge to assist underprivileged land-buyers over the negotiation with landlords was discouragingly limited (Viratkapan et al 2004) better organisational interfaces were needed between land reform agencies and PCT associations (Parnell 2004 Baker et al 2010) there was a virtual absence of non-farm productive opportunities to supplement settlers' earnings from farming (Deininger et al 2007) no socially inclusive networks of production and consumption were made available to stimulate the commercialisation of settlement output (Haggblade et al 1989) the policy was detached from other poverty-reducing programmes such as the construction of affordable housing an institutional capacity was lacking to conciliate the need for natural resources on the settings with the goal of sustainable growth (Alston et al 2000 Barrett et al 2005 and others). ![]() ![]() Taking the literature as a baseline for appraising the scheme's potential to mitigating rural poverty, a number of deficiencies might be identified involving the implementation of the policy.
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